Scientific name

The olive tree is scientifically known as Olea europaea.

Family

It belongs to the family Oleaceae.

Description

The olive tree is an evergreen tree that is widely known for its fruit, the olive. Its leaves are opposite, lanceolate and greyish-green on top, with a silvery tinge underneath. The trunk is twisted and often rough. The flowers of the olive tree are small and white or yellowish in colour. The fruits, olives, vary in size, shape and taste depending on the variety.

Distribution

The olive tree is native to the Mediterranean region and is found in countries in Europe, West Asia and North Africa. It has been introduced to other parts of the world where it is grown in suitable climates.

Use

The olive tree is one of the most cultivated fruit trees in the world due to the importance of its fruits. Olives are used for the production of olive oil, which is a fundamental component in Mediterranean cuisine and in many other cuisines around the world. In addition, olives are also consumed as snacks and used in various culinary preparations. Olive wood is valued in the manufacture of furniture and handicrafts because of its attractive grain and durability.

Olive cultivation is also an important part of agriculture in many Mediterranean regions, and olive oil is a significant export product. In addition to its culinary use, the olive tree also has cultural and historical importance in the Mediterranean region and is associated with peace and wisdom.